Thalassaemia Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Thalassaemia - Lab Report Example Then there is the ÃŽ ±-thalassaemia trait characterized by two affected ÃŽ ±-globin genes. Hemoglobin H disease is the third type classification of ÃŽ ±-thalassaemia which has three affected genes. Finally, there is the ÃŽ ±-Thalassaemia Major that has four affected ÃŽ ±-globin gene (Weatherall and Clegg 2008). There are three different types of ÃŽ ²-thalassaemia. The first one is ÃŽ ²-thalassemia trait which has one mutated ÃŽ ²-globin gene and one normal one. The second one is Thalassaemia Intermedia, which has two abnormal l genes although there is a little production of ÃŽ ²-globin. The third is Thalassaemia Major in which there are two abnormal genes that cause extreme decrease or complete lack of ÃŽ ²-globin production (Weatherall and Clegg 2008). Haemoglobin electrophoresis is a method used to separate the different blood haemoglobin types in a procedure that uses cellulose acetate in alkaline buffer. The process involves the use of extremely small samples of haemosylates prepared from whole samples of blood. These samples are applied to the Titan III Cellulose Acetate Plate whereby the haemoglobins in the samples undergo separation by electrophoresis with the use of an alkaline buffer. The pH of the buffer ranges between 8.2 and 8.6. They are then stained with Ponceau S Stain and the resulting patterns that form are scanned on a scanning densitometer followed by determining the relative percentage of each band. TF is diluted to 15ml, and SF is collected in 3ml so as to maximize absorption in the spectrometer. This, however, does not affect the results because they were diluted using distilled water. Distilled water is free of ions and other soluble contaminants and; therefore, cannot affect the result of the experiment. The pH of the solution in which amino acids are dissolved mostly determine their ionic state. Cationic amino acids exist at low solution pH of approximately 1. An increase in solution pH causes the

Trading Simulation Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Trading Simulation Report - Essay Example A portfolio once built and left alone is of no use. Hence, I have decided to carry out a trading simulation and an in depth analysis of the four companies that have been chosen by me. As all four of these companies provide different products and services, it is almost obvious that different returns are expected from each of these companies. Although the portfolio had been developed keeping in mind mainly the long term aspects but analysing it a short term may give us an insight about the future. The four companies that had been considered, along with an introduction and a summary of their latest performance, are: Johnson & Johnson Pfizer Exxon Mobil Walmart Johnson & Johnson Johnson & Johnson is a multinational U.S based company. It was founded in 1886. It deals in pharmaceutics, medical devices along with the manufacturing of consumer packaged goods. Johnson & Johnson comprises of One of the world’s biggest and diversified medical devices company The 6th biggest company with respect to biologics and also with respect to consumer health. Ranked 8th with respect to the world’s biggest pharmaceutics company The headquarters of Johnson & Johnson is situated in New Brunswick, which is in New Jersey USA. The Johnson & Johnson family includes around about 275 operating companies around the globe. Johnson & Johnson employees around about one hundred and twenty eight thousand people in more than sixty countries. Pfizer Pfizer was founded in 1849. Its founding members included two cousins, namely, Charles Pfizer and Charles Erhart. Pfizer is the biggest pharmaceutical company with respect to the revenue it generates. Its headquarters in based in New York, USA while the headquarters of its research program is in Connecticut, USA. Although it has many research facilities around. Pfizer has acquired many renown and established pharmaceuticals on its way to success. The companies acquired include Pharmacia and Wyeth. The latter at its time, 2009, was considere d as the biggest merger since the Bellsouth and AT& T in 2006. Exxon Mobil Exxon Mobil is a Multinational oil and gas company based in USA. Its headquarters is in Irving, Texas. Exxon Mobil was actually formed through merger of Exxon and Mobil in1999. Exxon Mobil is believed to the world’s biggest traded company publicly in the field of Oil and Gas. Walmart The home office of Walmart is situated at 702 SW 8th Street Bentonville. Walmart is a multinational retail company. It basically operates through warehouses and departmental stores. It has around about 10,800 stores across 27 countries. It also operates through websites in 10 countries. It employees above two million people worldwide and is considered as the largest employees recruiting worldwide. It is also estimated that around about 245 million people visit its outlets worldwide on a weekly base. The company was founded in 1962 and is now the largest retailer of USA. Recent Performance According to the first quarter rep orts 2013 of Pfizer Profit of Pfizer has seen an increase of about 53%, that is, an increase from 1.78 billion dollars to 2.75 billion dollars a year before. Earnings per share experienced an increase of 14 cent from a year ago, that is, from 24 cents to 38 cents Adjusted earnings saw a decrease of 3 cents as compared to a year